August 12th, 2009 
First-time mothers are getting older across the country and around the world, according to new federal data released today that show the average age of new moms increased to 25 in the USA and 29 in several countries, including Japan and Switzerland.
The report from the National Center for Health Statistics on this trend in delayed childbearing compared statistics from 1970 and 2006. In the USA, it found dramatic increases in the average age during the 1970s and 1980s and a less dramatic but steady rise since.
The average age increased in all states and the District of Columbia and for all racial and ethnic groups. In 2006, Massachusetts, at 27.7 years, had the highest average age at first birth and Mississippi had the lowest at 22.6 years.
Elizabeth Gregory, director of the Women’s Studies Program at the University of Houston, says there are many reasons for the increase in age at first birth. She says the birth control pill, which debuted in the 1960s, allowed people to plan their families. Also, Gregory, 51, says increases in longevity have allowed people to start families later and “expect to be around to take care of them.”
For her 2008 book Ready: Why Women Are Embracing the New Later Motherhood, Gregory, an English professor, interviewed 113 moms who had first children later in life. She says many cited getting their education and getting established at work as reasons for a delay.
“They had to get to the point where they were making a decent salary and had the clout to negotiate a family-friendly schedule and not lose their seniority,” says Gregory, who had her first child at 39 and adopted a second daughter at age 48.
The proportion of first births among women age 35 and older increased nearly eight times between 1970 and 2006. In 2006, about 1 out of 12 first births were to women of 35 years or more, compared with 1 out of 100 in 1970.
At the same time, first births to mothers under age 20 dropped. Only 21% of first births were to teen mothers in 2006, compared to 36% in 1970.
However, the USA’s high teen birth rate is the reason the overall age at first birth isn’t as high as other developed countries, says T.J. Mathews, a co-author of the report.
Data from the United Nations Demographic Yearbook for 2006 shows that the teen birth rate in the USA was more than eight times higher than the birth rate in Japan, seven times higher than in Denmark and Sweden and more than three times as high as in Canada. The data compiled by the United Nations Statistics Division is based on annual questionnaires to more than 230 national statistical offices around the world, which include basic data on population trends, births, deaths, marriage and divorce.
The teen birth rate in the USA increased 3% in 2006, ending a 34% drop in births among women ages 15-19 from 1991 to 2005. Even with that long period of decline in the teen birth rate, Sarah Brown, CEO of the National Campaign to Prevent Teen and Unplanned Pregnancy, says the new report illustrates how much more needs to be done to address the problem of teen pregnancy and teen births.
The federal report also found that among racial and ethnic groups in 2006:
- •The oldest average age at first birth (28.5 years) was to Asian or Pacific Islander women.
- •The youngest (21.9 years) was to Alaska Native women.
- •The age of 26.0 for white women at first birth is older than the average for the U.S. population at 25.0.
- •The average age at first birth for black women was 22.7 years.
- •The average age for first-time mothers was 23.1 years among Hispanics.
